Winemaking

All of the grapes were hand-harvested during the first and second weeks of September, and were delivered to the winery in standard one-half ton picking bins. They went
direct to press to reduce the level of grape solids in the fermenting must, and the pressed juice was pumped directly to 60-gallon French oak barrels. We use a combination of coopers in order to get a range of flavors in our Chardonnay,
but the bulk of the wood comes from François Frères in Saint Romain, just outside of Meursault. We ask that he use different wood sources in our barrels – a mix of staves
from Limousin, Alliers, Nevers, Troncais, and Vosges – to maximize complexity and flavors. All of the staves are air-dried for three years to reduce astringency, and we use
25% new cooperage every year. The wines are fermented using native wild yeast, so no laboratory cultured yeast is added for the fermentation. Because the nutrient levels are naturally low, the fermentation is slow, allowing for the development of higher-molecular-weight alcohols that are richer and more viscous than Ethanol. The primary fermentation is normally complete within three to four months, by which time the secondary or malo-lactic fermentation has already begun. This too proceeds naturally, without the addition of external chemicals, simply by allowing for the presence of native malo-lactic bacteria in the cellar.